Software Testing Interview Questions
A list of mostly asked software
testing interview questions or QTP interview questions and answers
are given below.
1)
What is PDCA cycle and where testing fits in?
There are four steps in a normal
software development process. In short, these steps are referred as PDCA.
PDCA stands for Plan, Do, Check,
Act.
- Plan: It defines the goal and the plan for achieving that goal.
- Do/ Execute: It depends on the plan strategy decided during the plan stage. It is done according to this phase.
- Check: This is the testing part of the software development phase. It is used to ensure that we are moving according to plan and getting the desired result.
- Act: This step is used to solve if there any issue is occurred during the check cycle. It takes appropriate action accordingly and revises the plan again.
The developers do the "planning
and building" of the project while testers do the "check" part
of the project.
2)
What is the difference among white box, black box and gray box testing?
Black box Testing: The strategy of black box testing is based on requirements
and specification. It requires no need of knowledge of internal path, structure
or implementation of the software being tested.
White box Testing: White box testing is based on internal paths, code
structure, and implementation of the software being tested. It requires a full
and detail programming skill.
Gray box Testing: This is another type of testing in which we look into the
box which is being tested, It is done only to understand how it has been
implemented. After that we close the box and use the black box testing.
3)
What are the types of defects?
There are three types of defects:
Wrong, missing and extra.
Wrong: These defects are occurred due to requirements have been
implemented incorrectly.
Missing: It is used to specify the missing things i.e. a
specification was not implemented, or the requirement of the customer was not
noted properly.
Extra: This is an extra facility incorporated into the product
that was not given by the end customer. It is always a variance from the
specification but may be an attribute that was desired by the customer.
However, it is considered as a defect because the variance from the user
requirements.
4)
What are the advantages of designing tests early in the life cycle?
It helps you to prevent defects into
the code.
5)
Tell me about the risk based testing.
Risk based testing is a testing
strategy that is based on prioritizing tests by risks. It is based on a
detailed risk analysis approach which categorizes the risks by their priority.
Highest priority risks are resolved first.
6)
What is the difference between preventative and reactive approaches to testing?
Preventative tests are designed
earlier and reactive tests are designed after the software has been produced.
7)
What is the purpose of exit criteria?
The exit criteria is used to define
the completion of the test level.
8)
Why the decision table testing is used?
A decision table consists of inputs
in a column with the outputs in the same column but below the inputs.
The decision table testing is used
for testing systems for which the specification takes the form of rules or
cause-effect combination. The reminders you get in the table explore
combinations of inputs to define the output produced.
9)
What is alpha and beta testing?
These are the key differences
between alpha and beta testing:
|
No.
|
Alpha
Testing
|
Beta
Testing
|
|
1)
|
It is always done by developers at
the software development site.
|
It is always performed by
customers at their own site.
|
|
2)
|
It is also performed by
Independent testing team.
|
It is not be performed by
Independent testing team.
|
|
3)
|
It is not open to the market and
public.
|
It is open to the market and
public.
|
|
4)
|
It is always performed in virtual
environment.
|
It is always performed in real
time environment.
|
|
5)
|
It is used for software
applications and projects.
|
It is used for software products.
|
|
6)
|
It follows the category of both
white box testing and Black Box Testing.
|
It is only the kind of Black Box
Testing.
|
|
7)
|
It is not known by any other name.
|
It is also known as field testing.
|
10)
What is Random/Monkey Testing?
Random testing is also known as
monkey testing. In this testing, data is generated randomly often using a tool.
The data is generated either using a tool or some automated mechanism.
Random testing has some limitations:
- Most of the random tests are redundant and unrealistic.
- It needs more time to analyze results.
- It is not possible to recreate the test if you do not record what data was used for testing.
11)
What is the negative and positive testing?
Negative Testing: When you put an invalid input and receive errors is known
as negative testing.
Positive Testing: When you put in the valid input and expect some actions
that are completed according the specification is known as positive testing.
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